வெளிப்படுத்தல் புஸ்தகம் – விளக்கவுரை

,Uf;fpwitfs; (2>3)

 

rigapd; fhyj;ij VO tifahf gphpf;fyhk;. VO fhyq;fspy; fhzg;gl;l VO rigfs; MFk;. nra;jpapd; Jtf;fkhdJ vNgR rigf;F vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ.

 

VO rigfs;

   

• vNgR rig (2:1-7)

   

   

,e;j rigapd; fhykhdJ fp.gp.30 Kjy; fp.gp.170 tiu. mg;Ngh];jydhfpa gTy;  ,e;j rigia epWtpath;. vNgR vd;why; tpl;Ltpl;l my;yJ mrjpahd rig vd;W mh;j;jk;. vNgR xU Kf;fpakhd efuk;. mq;Fs;s kf;fs; jpahdhs; vd;w Njtijia tzq;fp te;jhh;fs;. mg;Ngh];jydhfpa gTy; jd;Dila ,uz;lhtJ RtpN\ gazj;jpNy vNgR gl;lzj;jpw;F  te;jhh;;. mg;nghOJ Nahthd;];ehdfdhy; Qhd];ehdk; ngw;w rpy rP\h;fis fz;L mth;fsplk;  fh;j;juhfpa ,NaR fpwp];Jtpy; tpRthrpfshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W  nrhy;yp kWgbAk; mth;fs; fh;j;juhfpa ,NaRtpd; ehkj;jpdhNy Qhd];ehdk; nfhLj;jhh;;. gTy; mth;fs;Nky; iffis itj;jNghJ> ghpRj;jMtpahdth; mth;fs;Nky; te;jhh;. mg;nghOJ mth;fs; me;epa ghi\fisg; Ngrpj; jPh;f;fjhprdQ; nrhd;dhh;fs;(mg;:19:2-7).   gTy; %d;whtJ Kiw RtpN\ gazj;jpNy vNgR gl;lzj;jpw;F te;j NghJ>  gpuNah[dkhditfspy; xd;iwAk;> NjtDila MNyhridapy; xd;iwAk; ehd; kiwj;Jitf;fhky;> vy;yhtw;iwAk; cq;fSf;F mwptpj;Njd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. ty;yikapYk; trdj;jpYk; fl;lg;gl;l  vNgR rigapd; m];jpghuk; kpf MokhdJ. fp;.gp.68-y; gTy; khpj;jgpd;G filrp ehl;fspy; Nahthdhy; Nghjpf;fg;gl;L vNgR rig tsh;f;fg;gl;lJ.

 

ghohd ,d;iwa vNgR gl;lzk;

 

KfTiu

 

vNgR rigapd; nra;jpahdJ rigapd; J}jid Nehf;fp nry;fpwJ. J}jd; vd;gJ rigapd;  Copaf;fhuid Fwpf;fpwJ. vNgR rigf;F KjyhtJ nra;jpia nfhLg;gth; ahh;> vg;gbgl;lth; vd;W ,NaR jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.  VO el;rj;jpuq;fisj; jk;Kila tyJfuj;jpy; Ve;jpf;nfhz;L> “VO nghd;Fj;J tpsf;Ffspd; kj;jpapNy cyhtpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwth; nrhy;YfpwjhtJ” vd;W $Wfpwhh;;. el;rj;jpuk; vd;gJ rigapd; J}jiu> Copaf;fhuiu Fwpf;fpwJ. Fj;Jtpsf;F vd;gJ rigia Fwpf;fpwJ. rigapd; Copaf;fhuh;fis el;rj;jpuq;fsha; jk;Kila fuj;jpy; Ve;jp nfhzbUf;fpwhh; ,NaR. el;rj;jpuk; jd;Dila ghijapy; efh;e;J nrd;W ntspr;rk; tPRk;. mJNghy Copaf;fhuh;fs; cyfj;Jf;F ntspr;rk; tPr Ntz;Lk;. Nahthd;];ehdfd; vhpe;J gpufhrpf;fpw tpsf;fhapUe;jhd; vd;W Ntjj;jpy; thrpf;fpNwhk;;. ,NaR rigapd; kj;jpapy;  cyhtpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwhh;.  ,NaRitAk; rigiaAk; xUNghJk; gphpf;f KbahJ. Vndd;why;   kzthsd; ,NaR kzthl;bahfpa jkJ rigia jk;Kila Ra ,uj;jj;ij rpe;jp rk;ghjpj;jhh;. rigf;F tuq;fisAk;> fpUigfisAk; nfhLj;jhh;. xU kzthsd; kzthl;bNahL ,Uf;f tpUk;GtJ Nghy> ,NaRTf;F rigapd; kj;jpapy; cyhTtNj gphpak;.  jd;Dila  kzthl;b rigf;fhfj;jhd; ,NaR tu Nghfpwhh;.

 

epiwTfs;

 

vNgR rigapd; epiwTfis VO fhhpaq;fs; %yk; tpsf;Ffpwhh;. cd; fphpiafis mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. fh;j;jUila ehkj;jpw;nfd;W nra;fpw rpwpa fhhpakhdhYk;> nghpa fhhpakhdhYk; mijnay;yhk; mwpfpwth; Njtd;. cq;fs; fphpiaiiaAk;> ePq;fs; ghpRj;jthd;fSf;F CopaQ;nra;jjpdhYk; nra;J tUfpwjpdhYk; jkJ ehkj;jpw;fhff; fhz;gpj;j md;Gs;s gpuahrj;ijAk; kwe;JtpLfpwjw;F Njtd; mePjpAs;stuy;yNt (vgp:6:10). rP\d; vd;Dk; ehkj;jpdpkpj;jk; ,e;jr; rpwpahpy; xUtDf;F xU fyrk; jz;zPh; khj;jpuk; Fbf;ff; nfhLf;fpwtDk; jd; gyid milahkw; Nghfhd; vd;W> nka;ahfNt cq;fSf;Fr; nrhy;YfpNwd; vd;whh;(kj;:10:42).

cd; gpuahrj;ij mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. Mz;ltUf;nfd;W gpuahrg;gLk; NghJ mij mwpe;J mjw;F jf;f gyd;fis Vw;wf;fhyj;jpy; nfhLf;fpwtuhapUf;fpwhh;. vd; ehkj;jpdpkpj;jk; ,isg;gilahky; gpuahrg;gl;lijAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;(ntsp:2:3). ,NaRtpd; ehkj;jpd; epkpj;jk; Nrhh;e;J Nghfhky; gpuahr gLfpw rigahf vNgR rig fhzg;gl;lJ. mij Njtd; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. rig Mz;ltUf;fha; cz;ikaha; gpuahrg;gLk;NghJ mij mwpfpwth; Njtd;.

cd; nghWikiaAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. nghWik vd;W gjj;ij ,uz;L ,lj;jpy; thrpf;f KbAk;.  vNgR rigapd; nghWikia Fwpj;J NjtNd nkr;Rfpwhh;. ePPba nghWik vd;w Mtpapd; fdpia cila rig vNgR rig. Mifahy;> Nkfk;Nghd;w ,j;jid jpushd rhl;rpfs; ek;ikr; #o;e;Jnfhz;bUf;f> ghukhd ahtw;iwAk;> ek;ikr; Rw;wp neUf;fpepw;fpw ghtj;ijAk; js;sptpl;L> tpRthrj;ijj; Jtf;FfpwtUk; Kbf;fpwtUkhapUf;fpw ,NaRit Nehf;fp> ekf;F epakpj;jpUf;fpw Xl;lj;jpy; nghWikNahNl Xlf;flNthk;(vgp:12:10). cq;fs; nghWikapdhy; cq;fs; Mj;Jkhf;fisf; fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;(Y}f;fh:21:19). nghy;yhjth;fisr; rfpf;ff; $lhkypUf;fpw rig. nghy;yhjth;fspd; rf thrj;ij js;spitj;j rig. NjtDf;fhf ituhf;fpak; fhz;gpj;j rig.

 

Nrhjpj;jwpfpw rig. gphpakhdth;fNs> cyfj;jpy; mNefq; fs;sj;jPh;f;fjhprpfs; Njhd;wpapUg;gjpdhy;> ePq;fs; vy;yh MtpfisAk; ek;ghky;> me;j Mtpfs; Njtdhy; cz;lhditfNsh vd;W Nrhjpj;jwpAq;fs;(Nahthd;:4:1). Nrhjpj;jwpfpw fpUig Mtpapd; tuq;fspy; xd;W. ngNuah gl;lzj;jhh; gTYila Nghjfj;ij Nfl;lgpd;G mijf;Fwpj;J Muha;e;Jghh;j;jhh;fs; vd;W Ntjj;jpNy ghh;f;fpNwhk;. vNgR rig  vy;yhtw;iwAk; Nrhjpj;jwpe;jJ.

 

Njtd; ntWf;fpw epf;nfhyha; kj];jhpd; fphpiafis ntWf;fpw rig. epf;nfhy;yha; kj];jhpd; nfhs;if vd;gJ vg;gbAk; [Ptpf;fyhk; gf;jpahy; fhzg;gl;;lhy; NghJk; vd;gjhFk;. epf;nfhyha; vd;gtd; xUfhyj;jpy; %g;gdha; fhzg;gl;ltd;.(mg;:6:5). jdf;nfd;W xU Nghjidia cUthf;fp [dq;fis gpd;gw;w itj;jtd;;. ghpRj;jkw;w> khk;rPf [Ptpak;> tpf;fpufq;fSf;F gilj;jitfis Grpf;fyhk; Nghd;w nfhs;iffis Nghjpj;jtd;. mg;gbg;gl;l Nghjidfis vNgR rig ntWj;jJ.

 

Fiwfs;

 

eP Mjpapy; nfhz;bUe;j md;ig tpl;lha;;;;;;. cd; Mjp md;G jzpe;J NghdJ> Fiwe;J NghdJ vd;W $whky; md;ig tpl;lha; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. Mz;ltUf;nfd;W ty;yikaha; epd;w rig fhyg;Nghf;fpy; Mz;ltiu tpl;L tpyfp NghfpwJ.  #ykpj;jp jd; kzhsd; Nky; nfhz;l Nerk; kuzj;ij Nghy typJ. jpushd jz;zPh;fs; Nerj;ij mtpf;fkhl;lhJ vd;W $Wfpwij cd;djg;ghl;by; thrpf;fpNwhk;. mg;gbg;gl;l Nkd;ikahd md;ig vNgR rigahdJ fhyg;Nghf;fpy; tpl;Ltpl;lJ. MdhYk; Njtd; vNgR rigf;F kde;jpUk;Gtjw;Fhpaj; jUzj;ij nfhLf;fpwhh;. eP ,d;d epiyikapypUe;J tpOe;jhnad;gij epidj;J> kde;jpUk;gp> Mjpapy; nra;j fphpiafisr; nra; vd;W mwpTiu $Wfpwhh;.

 

vr;rhpf;if

 

ehd; rPf;fpukha; cd;dplj;jpy; te;J> eP kde;jpUk;ghjgl;rj;jpy;> cd; tpsf;Fj;jz;il cd;dplj;jpdpd;W ePf;fptpLNtd;. rig vd;gJ nghd;Fj;Jtpsf;if Fwpf;fpwJ. tpsf;F jz;L vd;gJ ghpRj;jhtpahdtiu Fwpf;fpwJ. tpsf;Fj;jz;by; vz;nza;  cs;stiu tpsf;F vhpAk;. vNgR rigia Mz;lth; vr;rhpf;fpwhh;> eP kde;jpUk;ghtpl;lhy; tpsf;Fj;jz;il vLj;J NghLNtd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. mth; tpsf;Fj; jz;il vLg;ghnud;why; ntspr;rk; ,y;yhky; rig gprhrpd; me;jfhuj;jpw;Fs; Ngha; tpLk;.

 

Mtpahdth; rigfSf;Fr; nrhy;Yfpwijf; fhJs;std; Nfl;ff;fltd;. rigfSf;F vd;gJ gd;ikapy; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,e;j nra;jpahdJ vNgR rigf;F khj;jpuky;y vy;yh fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpw rigfSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;. rigfs; Mz;lth;Nghpy; nfhz;l md;gpy; mDjpdKk; ngUfNtz;Lk;. KO Mj;JkhNthLk; KO gyj;NjhLk; KO kdNjhLk; Mz;lthpy; md;G $wNtz;Lk;.

 

thf;Fj;jj;jk;

 

n[aq;nfhs;SfpwtndtNdh mtDf;Fj; NjtDila gujPrpd; kj;jpapypUf;fpw [PttpUl;rj;jpd; fdpiag;Grpf;ff;nfhLg;Ngd;. VNjd; Njhl;lj;jpy; [PttpUl;rj;jpd; fdpia ghtj;jpy; tpOe;j kD\d; Grpf;fhj gbf;F Njtd; Juj;jp tpl;lhh;. Rlnuhsp gl;laj;ij ghJfhtYf;fhf itj;jhh;. Mdhy; n[aq;nfhs;Sfpw rigf;F> tpRthrpf;F kPz;Lk; [PttpUl;rj;jpd; fdpia Grpf;f nfhLg;Ngd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

   

• rpkph;dh rig(ntsp:2:8-11)

   

   

,e;j rigapd; fhyk; fp.gp.170 Kjy; fp.gp.312 tiu. rpkph;dh vd;gjpd; mh;j;jk; nts;isg;Nghsk; my;yJ frg;G vd;gjhFk;.  ,NaR rpYitapy; miwag;gl;lg;NghJ nts;isg;Nghsk; fye;j fhbia Fbf;f nfhLj;jhh;fs; vd;W Ntj;jpy; thrpf;fpNwhk;(khw;F:15:23). mjhtJ kuzj;NjhL rk;ke;jg;gl;lg;nghUs; nts;isNghsk;;. vNgR rig Mjpapy; nfhz;bUe;j md;ig ,oe;jJ. mij jpUg;gp nfhz;LtUk;gb  cgj;jputj;jpw;Fs;sha;> frg;Gf;Fs;sha;> rpl;irf;Fs;shf rpkph;dh rigia  xg;Gf;nfhLf;fpwhh;;. Njtd; vtdplj;jpy; md;G $WfpwhNuh mtid rpl;rpf;fpwhh;. jfg;gd; rpl;rpahj Gj;jpud; cz;Nlh?

 

cgj;jputg;gl;l rig

 

KfTiu

 

rpkph;dh rigapd; nra;jpAk; rigapd; J}jid Nehf;fp nry;fpwJ. J}jd; vd;W nrhy;Yk; NghJ ehk; mwpe;jgb  rigapd;  Copaf;fhuid Fwpf;fpwJ. rigf;F nra;jpia nfhLg;gth; ahh;> vg;gb gl;lth; vd;W ,NaR jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. Ke;jpdtUk; gpe;jpdtUk;> khpj;jpUe;J gpioj;jtUkhdth; nrhy;YfpwjhtJ vd;W  ,NaR $Wfpwhh.  cyf gpufhukhd xU kD\d; 70 tU\k; my;yJ ngyj;jpd; kpFjpahy; 80 tU\k; tho;fpwhd;. Mdhy;  ,e;j nra;jpia nfhLj;jth; $Wfpwhh; Ke;jpdtUk; gpe;jpdtUk;> khpj;jpUe;J gpioj;jtUkhdth; vd. ek;Kila kPl;gh; epj;jpa epj;jpakhdth;. cyfj;Njhw;wj;jpw;F Kd;ghfNt fhzg;gLfpwth;. New;Wk; ,d;Wk;> vd;Wk; khwhjth;. moptpy;yhj epj;jpa Njtd;. ek;Kila ghtq;fSf;fhf> ,ul;rpg;ig cz;Lgz;Ztjw;fhf Ra ,uj;jk; rpe;jp rigia rk;ghjpg;gjw;F khpj;jhh;.  ,dp mth; xUNghJk; khpg;gjpy;iy. mth; gpioj;jpUf;fpwhh;. rpkph;dh rigahdJ cgj;jputj;jpd; ghijapy; nrd;w rig. Mdhy; Njtd; ctj;jputj;jpy; nry;Yfpw ,e;j rigf;F khpj;jpUe;J gpioj;jtUkhdth; vd;W  jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;;. cgj;jputg;gl;L ghLfSf;Fl;gl;ltuhf ,Ug;gpDk; ,g;NghJ gpioj;jpUf;fpNwd; vd mwpKfg;gLj;jp frg;Gf;Fs;shf fhzg;gLfpw rigia cw;rhfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

 

epiwTfs;

 

cd; fphpiafis mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. cd; cgj;jputj;ij mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. Mjp rig vg;gb  Jd;ggLj;jg;gl;lNjh mJNghy ,e;j rpkph;dh rigAk; Jd;gg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,NaR rpkph;dh rigapd; cgj;jputj;ij mwpe;jpUe;jhh;. cyf kD\dhy; cgj;jputj;ij mwpa KbahJ. cyfj;jpNy cq;fSf;F cgj;jputk; cz;L> MdhYk; jpld;nfhs;Sq;fs; ehd; cyfj;ij n[apj;Njd; (Nahthd;:16:13). mth; jhNk Nrhjpf;fg;gl;L ghLgl;ljpdhNy>  cgj;jputg;gLfpwtDila cgj;jputj;ij xUNghJk; mw;gkha; vz;zkhl;lhh;.

 

eP IRthpaKs;stdhapUe;Jk; cdf;fpUf;fpw jhpj;jpuj;ij mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. rpkph;dh rig tpRthrj;jpy; IRthpaKs;sjhf fhzg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; nghUshjhuj;jpNyh jhpj;jpukha; fhzg;gLfpwJ.  Njtd; ,t;Tyfj;jpd; jhpj;jpuiu tpRthrj;jpy; IRthpathd;fshfTk;> jk;kplj;jpy; md;G$Ufpwth;fSf;Fj; jhk; thf;Fj;jj;jk;gz;zpd uh[;aj;ijr; Rje;jhpf;fpwth;fshfTk; njhpe;Jnfhs;stpy;iyah?(ahf;NfhG:2:5). a+jnud;W nrhy;ypAk; a+juhapuhky; rhj;jhDila $l;lkhapUf;fpwth;fs; nra;Ak; J}\zj;ijAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. rpkph;dh rigahdJ J}\pf;fg;gl;l rig. rhj;jhDila $l;lk; jhd; ,th;fis J}\pf;fpwhh;fs;. rhj;jhDila ngah;fspy; xd;W  rNfhjuh;fis Fw;wg;gLj;Jfpwtd; (Accuser of brethren).  MdhYk; Mz;lth; cw;rhf gLj;Jfpwhh;.  eP glg;Nghfpw ghLfisf; Fwpj;J vt;tsTk; gag;glhNj> ,Njh> ePq;fs; Nrhjpf;fg;gLk; nghUl;lhfg; gprhrhdtd; cq;fspy; rpyiuf; fhtypy; NghLthd;> gj;Jehs; cgj;jputg;gLtPh;fs;. rhj;jhDila $l;lj;jhy;> J}\zj;jhy; cz;lhFk; ghLfSf;F gag;glhNj. lNahf;fpyP\pad; vd;w Nuhk rf;fputh;j;jp filrp gj;J tU\ Ml;rpapNy rpkph;dh rig kpfTk;  Ntjidg;gl;lJ vd;W tuyhW $WfpwJ.

 

thf;Fj;jj;jk;

 

eP kuzghpae;jk; cz;ikahapU> mg;nghOJ [PtfphPlj;ij cdf;Fj; jUNtd;. mNdf fPhplq;fis Fwpj;J Ntjj;jpy; vOjg;gl;lhYk; Nrhjid> cgj;jputq;fSf;Fs;sha; fle;J nrd;w rpkph;dh rigf;F Njtd; [Pt fphPlj;ij jUNtd; vd;W thf;F nfhLf;fpwhh;. Nrhjidiar; rfpf;fpw kD\d; ghf;fpathd;. mtd; cj;jkndd;W tpsq;fpdgpd;G fh;j;jh; jk;kplj;jpy; md;G$Ufpwth;fSf;F thf;Fj;jj;jk; gz;zpd [PtfphPlj;ijg; ngWthd;(ahf;NfhG:1:12). tpRthrpfs; Mz;lthpd; tUif kl;Lk; my;yJ kuzghpae;jk; cz;ikAs;sth;fshf fhzg;glNtz;Lk;. mg;NghJ jhd; [PtfphPlj;ij ngw KbAk;. Mtpahdth; rigfSf;Fr; nrhy;Yfpwijf; fhJs;std; Nfl;ff;fltd;> n[aq;nfhs;Sfpwtd; ,uz;lhk; kuzj;jpdhy; Nrjg;gLtjpy;iy. ,uz;lhk; kuzk; vd;W nrhy;Yk; NghJ> (ntsp:20:14) -y; thrpf;fpNwhk;> kuzKk; ghjhsKk; mf;fpdpf;flypNy js;sg;gl;ld> ,J ,uz;lhk; kuzk;.  gag;gLfpwth;fSk;> mtpRthrpfSk;> mUtUg;ghdth;fSk;> nfhiyghjfUk;> tpgrhuf;fhuUk;> #dpaf;fhuUk;> tpf;fpufhuhjidf;fhuUk;> ngha;ah; midtUk; ,uz;lhk; kuzkhfpa mf;fpdpAk; fe;jfKk; vhpfpw flypNy gq;filthh;fs; (ntsp:21:8). ,g;gbg; gl;l ,uz;lhk; kuzj;jpdhy; rpkph;dh rig Nrjg;gLtjpy;iy vd;W Njtd; thf;FnfhLf;fpwhh;.

 

Mtpahdth; rigfSf;Fr; nrhy;Yfpwijf; fhJs;std; Nfl;ff;fltd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. rigfSf;F vd;gJ gd;ikapy; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,e;j nra;jpahdJ rpkph;dh rigf;F khj;jpuky;y vy;yh fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpw rigfSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;.

   

• ngh;fK rig (ntsp:2:12-18)

   

   

ngh;fK vd;why; jpUkzk;; vd;W nghUs;.  jpUkzk; vd;W nrhy;Yk; NghJ rigAk;> cyfKk; xd;W NrUtJ> rigf;Fs;sha; cyfk; GFtJ vd;W mh;j;jk; nfhs;SfpwJ. ngh;fK rigapd; fhyk; rig tuyhw;wpy; xU ,Uz;l fhyk;. Gwk;ghd cgNjrKk;>  Nfhl;ghLfSk;> cyf QhdKk;  Gwkj topghl;l KiwfSk; rigapy; GFj;jg;gl;l fhyk;. ,e;j rigapd; fhykhdJ fp.gp.312 Kjy; fp.gp.606 tiu. ,e;j fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; Nuhk rf;fputh;j;jpahd fhd;];ld;ild; Ml;rpf;F tUfpwhd;. mg;nghOJ mtd; jd;  ,uh[;aj;ij epiygLj;Jtjw;F fpwp];jtj;ijAk;> Nuhk Gwkj KiwikfisAk;; xd;WgLj;jpdhd;.  XNu ehspNy jd; ehl;il fpwp];jt ehlhf gpuflgLj;jpdhd;. fp.gp.312-y; eprpah vd;Dk; rq;f $l;lk; eilngw;wJ. mjpy; 1500 Ngh; murpay; jiyth;fs; Nghy Mlk;guj;NjhL $bdh;. me;j ,lj;jpy; mth;fis FUf;fhshf> gp\g;Gfshf mgpN\fk; nra;jhd;. FUf;fSf;F cr;rpjkhd Milfis mzptpj;jhd;. gp\g;Gfis Nkilfspy; cl;fhu nra;jhd;.  ,NaRtpd; ehl;fspy; Copak; kpf rhjhuzkhf fhzg;gl;lJ. Mjprigapd; fhyj;jpYk; $l tPLfs; NjhWk; Muhjid> n[g$l;lq;fs; elj;jg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; fhd;];ld;ild;  Fwpg;gpl;l kf;fs; jhd; Mrhhpa Copak; nra;a KbAk; vd;W ephzak;nra;jhd;. Ntj trdkhdJ Gwk;ghf;fg;gl;lJ. rhjhuz [dq;fSf;F Ntjk; kWf;fg;gl;lJ.

 

ghohd ,d;iwa ngh;fK gl;lzk;

 

KfTiu

 

ngh;fK rigapd; nra;jpahdJk; rigapd; J}jid Nehf;fp nry;fpwJ. J}jd; vd;W nrhy;Yk; NghJ rigapd;  Copaf;fhuid Fwpf;fpwJ. ngh;fK rigf;F KjyhtJ nra;jpia nfhLg;gth; ahh;> mth; vg;gb gl;lth; vd;W mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. ,UGwKk; fUf;Fs;s gl;laj;ij cilath; nrhy;YfpwjhtJ vd;W Mz;lth; jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

 

,UGwKk; fUf;Fs;s gl;lak; vd;gJ Ntj trdj;ij Fwpf;fpwJ. ngh;fK rig Ntj trdj;ij xJf;fpdJ. cyfk; khwyhk;> rigapd; fhhpaq;fis kdpjh;fs; khw;wyhk; Mdhy; khwhj> mopahj> ty;yikAs;s trdkhd ,UGwKk; fUf;Fs;s gl;laj;ij Mz;lth; itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. mth; thapypUe;J ,UGwKk; fUf;Fs;s gl;lak; Gwg;gl;lJ(ntsp:1:16).  murh;fs;> [dq;fs;> rigfs;> trdj;ij khw;w Kaw;rpf;fyhk;. Mz;lth; $Wfpwhh; vd; thh;j;ijia  ahUk; khw;w KbahJ. thdKk; G+kpAk; xope;JNghk;> vd; thh;j;ijfNsh xUNghJk; xope;JNghtjpy;iy. mtUila thh;j;ij thdq;fspy; vd;Wk; epiyj;J epw;fpwJ.

 

,e;j rigapd; fhyj;jpy;;> rig jiyth;fs; ,d;ndhU fhhpaj;ijAk; nra;jhh;fs;. NtW gjpNdO  G];jq;fis (Apocryphal books)  Ntjj;NjhL Nrh;j;J nfhz;lhh;fs;. gjpdhd;F G];jfq;fis gioa Vw;ghNlhLk; %d;W G];jfq;fis Gjpa Vw;ghNlhLk; Nrh;j;Jf;nfhz;lhh;fs;. ,NaRtpd; Copa ehl;fspy; ,NaRNth> mtUila rp\h;fNsh ,e;j G];jfq;fspypUe;J ve;j trdj;ijAk; Rl;bf; fhl;ltpy;iy. mg;Ngh];jyh;fs; $l xUNghJk; Rl;bf; fhl;ltpy;iy. ngh;fK rigapd; fhyj;jpy; jhd;; NtjG];jfk;  rq;fpypahy; fl;lg;gl;L rhjhuzkf;fs; ahUk; thrpf;f $lhjgb gpurq;f gPlq;fspy; ,izf;fg;gl;l gof;fk; Jtq;fpdJ. yj;jPd; nkhopapy; jhd; Ntjk; vOjg;gl;lJ. FUf;fs;  khj;jpuk; jhd; thrpf;fNtz;Lk;> tpsf;fNtz;Lk;. mjdhy; jhd; ,UGwKk; fUf;Fs;s gl;laj;ij cilath;  vd;W ty;yikNahL jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

 

epiwfs;

 

cd; fphpiafis mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. ngh;fK  rigapd; fphpiafis mwpfpw Njtd;. VOrigfis ghh;j;Jk; $Wfpwhh;;  cd; fphpiafis mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;.  rhj;jhDila rpq;fhrdkpUf;fpw ,lj;jpy; eP FbapUf;fpwijAk;> eP vd; ehkj;ij gw;wpf;nfhz;bUf;fpwijAk;> rhj;jhd; Fbnfhz;bUf;fpw ,lj;jpNy cq;fSf;Fs;Ns vdf;F cz;ikAs;s rhl;rpahd me;jpg;gh vd;gtd; nfhy;yg;gl;l ehl;fspYk; vd;idg; gw;Wk; tpRthrj;ij eP kWjypahkypUe;jijAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd;. fhd;];ld;ild; FUf;fSf;fhf  rpq;fhrdj;ij Vw;gLj;jpdhd;. Mdhy; ,NaR ,e;j rpq;fhrdq;fis rhj;jhd; Fbnfhz;bUf;fpw ,lk; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. rj;jpaj;ij tpl;LJ}uk; NghFk;NghJ> rj;jpa trdj;ij Gwf;fzpf;Fk;NghJ rhj;jhd; Fbnfhz;LtpLthd;.  A+j gonkhop $WfpwJ. Ntjk; fw;W nfhLf;fg;glhj ,lk; rhj;jhd; Fbnfhs;Skplk; vd.  MdhYk;  mg;gbg;gl;l #o;epiyfspYk; cz;ikaha; Mz;ltUf;nfd;W epd;w Njt gps;isfs; ngh;fK rigpd; fhyj;jpYk; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. ghfhYf;F Kd;ghf Koq;fhy; gbaplhj 7000 Ngiu vypahtpd; ehl;fspy; itj;jpUe;jJ Nghy> ngh;fK rigapd; ehl;fspYk; Mz;lth; itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. mth;fis  gw;wp $Wk; NghJ jhd;>  vd;idg; gw;Wk; tpRthrj;ij eP kWjypahkypUe;jijAk; mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

 

Fiwfs;

 

tpf;fpufq;fSf;Fg; gilj;jitfisg; Grpg;gjw;Fk; Ntrpj;jdk;gz;Ztjw;Fk; VJthd ,lwiy ,];uNty; Gj;jpuh; Kd;ghfg; NghLk;gb ghyhf; vd;gtDf;Fg; Nghjidnra;j gpNyahKila Nghjfj;ijf; iff;nfhs;Sfpwth;fs; ngh;fK rigapy; ,Ue;jhh;fs;. ,J ,lwy;fspd; cgNjrkhf fhzg;gl;lJ. rhj;jhDila rpq;fhrdk; ,Uf;fpw ,lj;jpy; fs;s Nghjidfs; epiwe;J fhzg;gLk;. khk;rPfk; fhzg;gLk;. mJkl;Lky;yhky; ,e;j rigapy; Njtd; ntWf;fpw epf;nfhyha; kj];jUila Nghjfj;ijf; iff;nfhs;S fpwth;fSk; ,Ue;jhh;fs;.  Mz;lth; kde;jpUk;g jtiz nfhLf;fpwhh;. eP kde;jpUk;G> ,y;yhtpl;lhy; ehd; rPf;fpukha; cd;dplj;jpy; te;J> vd; thapd; gl;laj;jhy;  Aj;jk;gz;ZNtd;.  thapd; gl;lak; vd;W nrhy;Yk; NghJ trdj;ij Fwpf;fpwJ. kfpikaile;j  ,NaR>  kde;jpUk;Gk;gb vr;rhpf;fpwhh;. ,d;W Ntj trdj;Jf;F fPo;gbahtpl;lhy; ,e;j trdNk ek;ik epahae;jPh;f;Fk;.

 

thf;Fj;jj;jk;

 

Mtpahdth; rigfSf;Fr; nrhy;Yfpwijf; fhJs;std; Nfl;ff;fltd;> n[aq;nfhs;SfpwtDf;F ehd; kiwthd kd;dhitg; Grpf;ff;nfhLj;J> mtDf;F ntz;ikahd Fwpf;fy;iyAk;> me;jf; fy;ypd;Nky; vOjg;gl;lJk; mijg; ngWfpwtNdad;wp NtnwhUtDk; mwpaf;$lhjJkhfpa Gjpa ehkj;ijAk; nfhLg;Ngd;. mth;fs; guNyhf FLk;gj;jpd; mq;fkhf khw;wg;gLthh;fs;. rigfSf;F vd;gJ gd;ikapy; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,e;j nra;jpahdJ  ngh;fK rigf;F khj;jpuky;y vy;yh fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpw rigfSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;.

jpaj;jPuh rig(ntsp:2:18-29)

 

jpaj;jPuh rigapd; fhyk; fp;.gp.606 Kjy; fp.gp.1520 tiu. jpahj;jPuh vd;why; mQ;Qhd rig my;yJ Ntjj;ij mwpahj rig vd;W mh;j;jk;.  ,e;j fhyj;jpy; jhd; rigfspy; rpiy topghL nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ. ,NaRit khpahspd; ghy;Fb kfdhf fz;lhHfNs jtpu Njtdhf fhztpy;iy. FUf;fSila ghjq;fis Kj;jkplNtz;Lk; vd;w nfhs;if te;eJ. ,NaR $wpdhh; cq;fis FUf;fs; vd;W miof;fhjpUq;fs;;. fp;.gp.995-y; khpj;J Nghdth;fis Muhjpf;ff; njhlq;fpdhh;fs;. Gw[hjpahUila mNef topghLfSk; ,e;j rigapy; GFj;jg;gLfpwJ. fp.gp. 1229-y; rhjhuz kD\d;  Ntjj;ij thrpf;ff;$lhjgb KOtJkha; Ntjk; kWf;fg;gl;lJ. Ntjthf;fpaq;fis Muha;e;J ghUq;fs; mitfshy; cq;fSf;F epj;jpa [Ptd; cz;L vd;W Ntjk; $Wk; NghJ  jil nra;jhh;fs;. fp.gp.1414-y; rhjhuz kD\Df;F jpUtpUe;jpy; jpuhl;rurk; nfhLf;f kWf;fg;gl;lJ. mg;gk; khj;jpuk; Grpf;fNtz;Lk;. urk; FUf;fSilaJ.  ,NaR ghj;jpuj;ijAk; vLj;J> ];Njhj;jpuk;gz;zp> mth;fSf;Ff; nfhLj;J: ePq;fs; vy;yhUk; ,jpNy ghdk;gz;Zq;fs;>  ,J ghtkd;dpg;Gz;lhFk;gb mNefUf;fhfr; rpe;jg;gLfpw GJ cld;gbf;iff;Fhpa vd;Dila ,uj;jkhapUf;fpwJ (kj;NjA:26:26>27) vd;whh;. Mdhy; ,th;fNsh vy;yhtw;iwAk; Ntjj;jpw;F Gwk;ghf iff;nfhz;lhh;fs;.

 

KfTiu

 

jpaj;jPuh rigapd;  nra;jpahdJ $l rigapd; J}jid Nehf;fp nry;fpwJ. jpahj;jPuh rigf;F KjyhtJ nra;jpia nfhLg;gth; ahh;> vg;gb gl;lth; vd;W mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. mf;fpdp[_thiyNghd;w fz;fSk;> gpufhrkhd ntz;fyk;Nghd;w ghjq;fSKs;s  NjtFkhud; vd;W nrhy;Yfpwhh;. ,e;j jpaj;jPuh rigapd; fhyj;jpy; rig Kw;wpYk; Ntj trdj;Jf;F Gwk;ghf khWfpwJ. jpaj;jPuh rig ,NaRit khpahspd; ghy;Fb kfdhf fz;l NghJ  ,NaR jd;id NjtFkhud; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. ,e;j rigapy; Ntj trdq;fSf;F Gwk;ghd fhhpaq;fs; elf;Fk; NghJ mij ghh;j;J nfhz;bUf;fpwth; mf;fpdp[_thiyNghd;w fz;fSilath; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. ,tw;iwnay;yhk; kpjpj;J mopj;J NghLthh;  vd;gjw;F milahskhf ntz;fyk;Nghd;w ghjq;fSs;sth; vd;W jd;id mwpKfg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.

 

epiwfs;

 

jpaj;jPuh rigapy; fphpiafs;>  md;G>  Copak;>  tpRthrk;> nghWik>  Kd;G nra;j fphpiafspYk; gpd;G nra;j fphpiafs; mjpfkhapUe;jJ vd;gijAk;  mwpe;jpUf;fpNwd; vd;W Mz;lth; $Wfpwhh;. jpaj;jPuh rigahdJ fphpiafs; %yk; epjpkhd; Mfyhk; vd;W epidj;J fphpiafspy; rpwe;J tpsq;fpd rig.  Mz;lth; mth;fSila fphpiafis mwpfpw Njtd;. grpahapUe;Njd;> vdf;Fg; Ngh[dq;nfhLj;jPh;fs;> jhfkhapUe;Njd;> vd; jhfj;ijj; jPh;j;jPh;fs;> me;epadhapUe;Njd;> vd;idr; Nrh;j;Jf;nfhz;Bh;fs;> t];jpukpy;yhjpUe;Njd;> vdf;F t];jpuq;nfhLj;jPh;fs;> tpahjpahapUe;Njd;> vd;id tprhhpf;f te;jPh;fs;> fhtypypUe;Njd;> vd;idg; ghh;f;fte;jPh;fs; vd;W $Wfpw Njtd;(kj;NjA:25:35>36). ,d;Wk; Nuhk rigfs; fphpiafspy; rpwe;J tpsq;FfpwJ. Mdhy; fphpiafs;  khj;jpuk; ek;ik ,ul;rpg;gjpy;iy.

 

Fiwfs;

 

,g;gbg;gl;l ew;fphpiafs; ,Ue;jhYk;  cd;Nghpy; vdf;Ff; Fiw cz;L vd;W Mz;lth; $Wfpwhh;. vd;dntdpy;> jd;idj; jPh;f;fjhprpnad;W nrhy;Yfpw NarNgy; vd;Dk; ];jphPahdts; vd;Dila Copaf;fhuh; Ntrpj;jdk;gz;zTk; tpf;fpufq;fSf;Fg; gilj;jitfisg; Grpf;fTk; mth;fSf;Fg; Nghjpj;J> mth;fis tQ;rpf;Fk;gb eP mtSf;F ,lq;nfhLf;fpwha;. NarNgy; gioa Vw;ghl;bd; gb Gw[hjp ];jphp. mtis ,];uNtypd;  ,uh[h Mfhg; jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhd;. mts; nra;jJ vd;d>   tpf;fpuf Muhjidia ,];uNtypy;; nfhz;L te;jhs;;. mJkhj;jpuky;y mNef jPh;f;fjhprpfisAk;> NjtDf;nfd;W cz;ikaha; epd;wth;fisAk;  nfhd;whs;. mNj ];jphpapDila Nghjfj;ij gpd;gw;Wfpw rig jpaj;jPuh rig vd;W Mz;lth; $Wfpwhh;. tpf;fpuf Muhjid vd;gJ Ntrpj;jd ghtj;jpw;F xg;ghdJ. Copaf;fhuh; tpgr;rhuk; nra;aTk; Nghjpj;jhs;. tpf;fpufq;fSf;F gilj;jitfis Grpf;fTk; Nghjpj;jhs;. ,g;gpugQ;rj;jpd; mjpgjpahfpa gprhrdhtd;   mth;fSila Mtpf;Fhpa fz;fis FUlhf;fpdhd;. Mifahy;; Ntjj;jpd; mjpraq;fisAk; mwpe;J nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy.

 

NarNgypd; tpf;fpuf Muhjidia gpd;gw;wpd rig

 

Njtd; kde;jpUk;Gk;gbaha; mtSf;Fj; jtiznfhLf;fpwhh;. jd; Ntrpkhh;f;fj;ij tpl;L kde;jpUk;g mtSf;F tpUg;gkpy;iy.  ,Njh> ehd; mtisf; fl;by;fpilahf;fp> mtSlNd tpgrhuQ;nra;jth;fs; jq;fSila fphpiafistpl;L kde;jpUk;ghtpl;lhy; mth;fisAk; kpFe;j cgj;jputj;jpNy js;sp> mtSila gps;isfisAk; nfhy;yNt nfhy;YNtd;> mg;nghOJ ehNd cs;se;jphpaq;fisAk; ,Ujaq;fisAk; Muha;fpwtnud;W vy;yhr; rigfSk; mwpe;Jnfhs;Sk;> md;wpAk; cq;fspy; xt;nthUtDf;Fk; cq;fs; fphpiafspd;gbNa gydspg;Ngd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

thf;Fj;jj;jk;

 

jpaj;jPuhtpNy ,e;jg; Nghjfj;ijg; gw;wpf;nfhs;shkYk;> rhj;jhDila Moq;fs; vd;W mth;fs; nrhy;Yfpwhh;fNs> me;j Moq;fis mwpe;Jnfhs;shkYkpUf;fpw kw;wth;fshfpa cq;fSf;F ehd; nrhy;YfpwjhtJ> cq;fs;Nky; NtnwhU ghuj;ijAk; Rkj;jkhl;Nld;.  cq;fSf;Fs;sij ehd; tUksTk; gw;wpf;nfhz;bUq;fs;. n[aq;nfhz;L KbTghpae;jk; vd; fphpiafisf; iff;nfhs;SfpwtndtNdh mtDf;F ehd; vd; gpjhtpdplj;jpy; mjpfhuk; ngw;wJNghy> [hjpfs;Nky; mjpfhuk; nfhLg;Ngd;. mtd; ,Ug;Gf;Nfhyhy; mth;fis MSthd;> mth;fs; kz;ghz;lq;fisg;Nghy nehWf;fg;gLthh;fs;.  tpbnts;sp el;rj;jpuj;ijAk; mtDf;Ff; nfhLg;Ngd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;.

 

Mtpahdth; rigfSf;Fr; nrhy;Yfpwijf; fhJs;std; Nfl;ff;fltd; vd;W $Wfpwhh;. rigfSf;F vd;gJ gd;ikapy; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,e;j nra;jpahdJ  jpaj;jPuh rigf;F khj;jpuky;y vy;yh fhyf;fl;lj;jpYk; fhzg;gLfpw rigfSf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;.